Ethics & Disclosures

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest level of integrity in the content published.

Peer Review

Research content published in this journal is peer reviewed (double-anonymous).

Competing Interests

This journal has a competing interest policy in place.

Research Standards

All Springer Nature journals require authors to comply with international, national and/or institutional standards of research reporting. This is particularly important for studies involving human and/or animal participants, their data and biological material, and Informed Consent.

Plagiarism

The journal may use plagiarism detection software to screen submissions. If plagiarism is identified, the COPE guidelines on plagiarism will be followed.

Guidelines

This journal follows the guidelines of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).