Course Glossary

A searchable glossary of key terms used throughout the course.

45
Terms
12
Weeks

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All

AMM (Automated Market Maker)

A type of DEX that uses mathematical formulas to price assets instead of order books, enabling permissionless trading.

APY (Annual Percentage Yield)

The real rate of return earned on an investment, taking into account the effect of compounding interest.

Week 7

Airdrop

Distribution of free tokens to wallet addresses, often used to reward early adopters or bootstrap communities.

Week 3

Arbitrage

Profiting from price differences of the same asset across different markets or exchanges.

Week 4

Bridge

Infrastructure that enables the transfer of assets and data between different blockchain networks.

Collateralization Ratio

The ratio of collateral value to borrowed value, determining the health of a lending position.

Week 5

Composability

The ability of DeFi protocols to interact and build upon each other, often called 'money legos.'

Week 1

Cross-Chain

Technology enabling interaction and asset transfer between different blockchain networks.

DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization)

An organization represented by rules encoded as a smart contract, controlled by organization members without centralized leadership.

Week 10

DeFi (Decentralized Finance)

A financial ecosystem built on blockchain technology that enables peer-to-peer financial services without traditional intermediaries like banks.

Depeg

When a stablecoin loses its target peg and trades significantly above or below its intended value.

Week 6

ERC-20

A technical standard for fungible tokens on the Ethereum blockchain, defining a common interface for token contracts.

Week 3

ERC-721

The standard for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on Ethereum, where each token is unique and not interchangeable.

Week 3

EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)

The runtime environment for smart contracts in Ethereum, providing a sandboxed execution environment for bytecode.

Week 2

Flash Loan

An uncollateralized loan that must be borrowed and repaid within a single blockchain transaction.

Frontrunning

Placing a transaction ahead of a known pending transaction to profit from the anticipated price movement.

Week 11

Funding Rate

Periodic payments exchanged between long and short traders in perpetual futures to keep prices aligned with spot.

Week 8

Gas

The unit of measurement for computational effort required to execute operations on the Ethereum network. Users pay gas fees to validators.

Week 2

Governance Token

A token that grants holders voting rights on protocol decisions and parameter changes.

Week 10

Impermanent Loss

The temporary loss of value experienced by liquidity providers when the price ratio of pooled assets changes.

Week 7

Layer 2

A secondary framework built on top of an existing blockchain to improve scalability and reduce transaction costs.

Week 12

Leverage

Using borrowed capital to increase the potential return of an investment, amplifying both gains and losses.

Week 8

Liquidation

The forced sale of collateral when a borrower's position falls below the required collateralization threshold.

Liquidity Mining

A mechanism where protocols distribute tokens to users who provide liquidity, incentivizing participation.

Liquidity Pool

A collection of funds locked in a smart contract that provides liquidity for trading on a DEX.

Week 4

MEV (Maximal Extractable Value)

The maximum value that can be extracted from block production by reordering, inserting, or censoring transactions.

Mempool

A waiting area for unconfirmed transactions before they are included in a blockchain block.

Week 11

Optimistic Rollup

A Layer 2 scaling solution that assumes transactions are valid by default and uses fraud proofs for disputes.

Week 12

Oracle

A service that provides external data (like prices) to smart contracts that cannot access off-chain information directly.

Week 9

Peg

The target exchange rate a stablecoin aims to maintain with its reference asset.

Week 6

Perpetual Futures

A type of derivative contract that has no expiration date, allowing traders to hold positions indefinitely.

Week 8

Protocol

A set of rules and smart contracts that define how a DeFi application operates on the blockchain.

Week 1

Reentrancy Attack

A vulnerability where a malicious contract repeatedly calls back into the victim contract before the first execution is complete.

Week 11

Self-Custody

Maintaining personal control of private keys and crypto assets without relying on a third-party custodian.

Week 1

Slippage

The difference between the expected price of a trade and the actual executed price, typically higher for larger trades.

Week 4

Smart Contract

Self-executing code deployed on a blockchain that automatically enforces the terms of an agreement when predetermined conditions are met.

Week 2

Stablecoin

A cryptocurrency designed to maintain a stable value relative to a reference asset, typically the US dollar.

Week 6

Synthetic Asset

A tokenized derivative that mimics the value of another asset without requiring ownership of the underlying.

Week 8

TVL (Total Value Locked)

The total value of crypto assets deposited in a DeFi protocol, used as a key metric to measure protocol adoption and trust.

Week 1

TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price)

A pricing mechanism that calculates the average price over a specific time period to resist manipulation.

Week 9

Tokenomics

The economic design and incentive structure of a cryptocurrency or token, including supply, distribution, and utility.

Week 3

Wrapped Token

A token on one blockchain that represents an asset from another blockchain, enabling cross-chain usage.

Week 3

Yield Aggregator

A protocol that automatically moves user funds between different DeFi protocols to optimize returns.

Yield Farming

The practice of strategically moving crypto assets between DeFi protocols to maximize returns.

Week 7

ZK-Rollup

A Layer 2 solution using zero-knowledge proofs to verify transaction validity, providing instant finality.

Week 12

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© 2025 Prof. Dr. Joerg Osterrieder | FHGR - University of Applied Sciences of the Grisons